Caffeine vs Ginkgo

for cognition

Stronger evidence: Caffeine

Stronger effect: Caffeine

Safety: Ginkgo has the more serious interaction profile (minor vs serious).

For cognition, Caffeine has the stronger evidence grade.

grade A high certainty

reliably improves alertness, reaction time, and vigilance

40–200 mg, adults

grade C low certainty

no reliable benefit for preventing cognitive decline in large trials

sources: PMID:00000020 · PMID:00000034